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Surah Al-Kahf, Ayah 18 (18:18)

ٱلْكَهْف

وَتَحْسَبُهُمْ أَيْقَاظًا وَهُمْ رُقُودٌ ۚ وَنُقَلِّبُهُمْ ذَاتَ ٱلْيَمِينِ وَذَاتَ ٱلشِّمَالِ ۖ …

Quran 18:18 is ayah 18 of Surah Al-Kahf (“The Cave”), a Meccan surah of 110 ayahs. It is in Juz 15, on page 295 of the Madani Mushaf.

18:18
وَتَحْسَبُهُمْأَيْقَاظًاوَهُمْرُقُودٌ ۚوَنُقَلِّبُهُمْذَاتَٱلْيَمِينِوَذَاتَٱلشِّمَالِ ۖوَكَلْبُهُمبَٰسِطٌذِرَاعَيْهِبِٱلْوَصِيدِ ۚلَوِٱطَّلَعْتَعَلَيْهِمْلَوَلَّيْتَمِنْهُمْفِرَارًاوَلَمُلِئْتَمِنْهُمْرُعْبًا١٨
wataḥsabuhum ayqāẓan wahum ruqūdun wanuqallibuhum dhāta l-yamīni wadhāta l-shimāli wakalbuhum bāsiṭun dhirāʿayhi bil-waṣīdi lawi iṭṭalaʿta ʿalayhim lawallayta min'hum firāran walamuli'ta min'hum ruʿ'ban

And you would think them awake, while they were asleep. And We turned them to the right and to the left, while their dog stretched his forelegs at the entrance. If you had looked at them, you would have turned from them in flight and been filled by them with terror.(18)

Word by word

  1. وَتَحْسَبُهُمْwataḥsabuhumAnd you (would) think them
  2. أَيْقَاظًاayqāẓanawake
  3. وَهُمْwahumwhile they
  4. رُقُودٌ ۚruqūdun(were) asleep
  5. وَنُقَلِّبُهُمْwanuqallibuhumAnd We turned them
  6. ذَاتَdhātato
  7. ٱلْيَمِينِl-yamīnithe right
  8. وَذَاتَwadhātaand to
  9. ٱلشِّمَالِ ۖl-shimālithe left
  10. وَكَلْبُهُمwakalbuhumwhile their dog
  11. بَٰسِطٌbāsiṭunstretched
  12. ذِرَاعَيْهِdhirāʿayhihis two forelegs
  13. بِٱلْوَصِيدِ ۚbil-waṣīdiat the entrance
  14. لَوِlawiIf
  15. ٱطَّلَعْتَiṭṭalaʿtayou had looked
  16. عَلَيْهِمْʿalayhimat them
  17. لَوَلَّيْتَlawallaytayou (would) have surely turned back
  18. مِنْهُمْmin'humfrom them
  19. فِرَارًاfirāran(in) flight
  20. وَلَمُلِئْتَwalamuli'taand surely you would have been filled
  21. مِنْهُمْmin'humby them
  22. رُعْبًاruʿ'ban(with) terror

Tafsir (commentary) of 18:18

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English · EnglishTafsir Ibn Kathir (Abridged) — Hafiz Ibn Kathir

Their Sleep in the Cave

Some of the scholars mentioned that when Allah caused them to sleep, their eyelids did not close, lest disintegration took hold of them. If their eyes remained open to the air, this would be better for the sake of preservation. Allah says:

وَتَحْسَبُهُمْ أَيْقَاظًا وَهُمْ رُقُودٌ

(And you would have thought them awake, whereas they were asleep.) It was mentioned that when the wolf sleeps, it closes one eye and keeps one eye open, then it switches eyes while asleep.

وَنُقَلِّبُهُمْ ذَاتَ اليَمِينِ وَذَاتَ الشِّمَالِ

(And We turned them on their right and on their left sides,) Ibn `Abbas said: "If they did not turn over, the earth would have consumed them."

وَكَلْبُهُمْ بَـسِطٌ ذِرَاعَيْهِ بِالوَصِيدِ

(and their dog stretching forth his two forelegs at the Wasid) Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Sa`id bin Jubayr and Qatadah said: "The Wasid means the threshold." Ibn `Abbas said: "By the door." It was said: "On the ground." The correct view is that it means on the threshold, i.e., at the door.

إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ

(Verily, it shall be closed upon them) 104:8 Their dog lay down at the door, as is the habit of dogs. Ibn Jurayj said, "He was guarding the door for them." It was his nature and habit to lie down at their door as if guarding them. He was sitting outside the door, because the angels do not enter a house in which there is a dog, as was reported in As-Sahih, nor do they enter a house in which there is an image, a person in a state of ritual impurity or a disbeliever, as was narrated in the Hasan Hadith. The blessing they enjoyed extended to their dog, so the sleep that overtook them overtook him too. This is the benefit of accompanying good people, and so this dog attained fame and stature. It was said that he was the hunting dog of one of the people which is the more appropriate view, or that he was the dog of the king's cook, who shared their religious views, and brought his dog with him. And Allah knows best. Allah says:

لَوِ اطَّلَعْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ لَوْلَّيْتَ مِنْهُمْ فِرَارًا وَلَمُلِئْتَ مِنْهُمْ رُعْبًا

(Had you happened upon them, you would certainly have turned back from them in flight, and would certainly have been filled with awe of them.) meaning that Allah made them appear dreadful, so that no one could look at them without being filled with terror, because of the frightening appearance they had been given. This was so that no one would come near them or touch them until the appointed time when their sleep would come to an end as Allah willed, because of the wisdom, clear proof and great mercy involved in that.

Read the full Surah Al-Kahf