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Surah Fatir, Ayah 40 (35:40)

فَاطِر

قُلْ أَرَءَيْتُمْ شُرَكَآءَكُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ أَرُونِى مَاذَا خَلَقُوا۟ …

Quran 35:40 is ayah 40 of Surah Fatir (“Originator”), a Meccan surah of 45 ayahs. It is in Juz 22, on page 439 of the Madani Mushaf.

35:40
قُلْأَرَءَيْتُمْشُرَكَآءَكُمُٱلَّذِينَتَدْعُونَمِندُونِٱللَّهِأَرُونِىمَاذَاخَلَقُوا۟مِنَٱلْأَرْضِأَمْلَهُمْشِرْكٌفِىٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِأَمْءَاتَيْنَٰهُمْكِتَٰبًافَهُمْعَلَىٰبَيِّنَتٍمِّنْهُ ۚبَلْإِنيَعِدُٱلظَّٰلِمُونَبَعْضُهُمبَعْضًاإِلَّاغُرُورًا٤٠
qul ara-aytum shurakāakumu alladhīna tadʿūna min dūni l-lahi arūnī mādhā khalaqū mina l-arḍi am lahum shir'kun fī l-samāwāti am ātaynāhum kitāban fahum ʿalā bayyinatin min'hu bal in yaʿidu l-ẓālimūna baʿḍuhum baʿḍan illā ghurūran

Say, "Have you considered your 'partners' whom you invoke besides Allāh? Show me what they have created from the earth, or have they partnership [with Him] in the heavens? Or have We given them a book so they are [standing] on evidence therefrom? [No], rather, the wrongdoers do not promise each other except delusion."(40)

Word by word

  1. قُلْqulSay
  2. أَرَءَيْتُمْara-aytumHave you seen
  3. شُرَكَآءَكُمُshurakāakumuyour partners
  4. ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whom
  5. تَدْعُونَtadʿūnayou call
  6. مِنminbesides
  7. دُونِdūnibesides
  8. ٱللَّهِl-lahiAllah
  9. أَرُونِىarūnīShow Me
  10. مَاذَاmādhāwhat
  11. خَلَقُوا۟khalaqūthey have created
  12. مِنَminafrom
  13. ٱلْأَرْضِl-arḍithe earth
  14. أَمْamor
  15. لَهُمْlahumfor them
  16. شِرْكٌshir'kun(is) a share
  17. فِىfīin
  18. ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِl-samāwātithe heavens
  19. أَمْamOr
  20. ءَاتَيْنَٰهُمْātaynāhumhave We given them
  21. كِتَٰبًاkitābana Book
  22. فَهُمْfahumso they
  23. عَلَىٰʿalā(are) on
  24. بَيِّنَتٍbayyinatina clear proof
  25. مِّنْهُ ۚmin'hutherefrom
  26. بَلْbalNay
  27. إِنinnot
  28. يَعِدُyaʿidupromise
  29. ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَl-ẓālimūnathe wrongdoers
  30. بَعْضُهُمbaʿḍuhumsome of them
  31. بَعْضًاbaʿḍan(to) others
  32. إِلَّاillāexcept
  33. غُرُورًاghurūrandelusion

Tafsir (commentary) of 35:40

Available in English, Bengali, Urdu, Arabic, Russian.

English · EnglishTafsir Ibn Kathir (Abridged) — Hafiz Ibn Kathir

This commentary explains ayahs 35:40–41 together.

The Helplessness of the false gods and the Power of Allah

Allah tells His Messenger to say to the idolators:

أَرَءَيْتُمْ شُرَكَآءَكُمُ الَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ

(Have you considered your partners whom you call upon besides Allah) the idols and rivals.

أَرُونِى مَاذَا خَلَقُواْ مِنَ الاٌّرْضِ أَمْ لَهُمْ شِرْكٌ فِى السَّمَـوَتِ

(Show Me what they have created of the earth. Or have they any share in the heavens) meaning, they have nothing at all of that, they do not possess even the membrane covering the stone of a date.

أَمْ ءَاتَيْنَـهُمْ كِتَـباً فَهُمْ عَلَى بَيِّنَةٍ مِّنْهُ

(Or have We given them a Book, so that they act on clear proof therefrom) meaning, `have We revealed to them a Book on which they base their Shirk and disbelief' This is not the case at all.

بَلْ إِن يَعِدُ الظَّـلِمُونَ بَعْضُهُم بَعْضاً إِلاَّ غُرُوراً

(Nay, the wrongdoers promise one another nothing but delusions.) means, they are merely following their own whims, opinions and wishes which are their personal desires, and they are no more than misguidance and falsehood. Then Allah tells us of His mighty power, by which the heavens and the earth stand by His command, and the forces that He has placed between them to hold them. He says:

إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُمْسِكُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضَ أَن تَزُولاَ

(Verily, Allah grasps the heavens and the earth lest they should move away from their places,) means, lest they should shift from where they are. This is like the Ayat:

وَيُمْسِكُ السَّمَآءَ أَن تَقَعَ عَلَى الاٌّرْضِ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ

(He withholds the heaven from falling on the earth except by His leave) (22:65), and

وَمِنْ ءَايَـتِهِ أَن تَقُومَ السَّمَآءُ وَالاٌّرْضُ بِأَمْرِهِ

(And among His signs is that the heaven and the earth stand by His command) (30:25).

وَلَئِن زَالَتَآ إِنْ أَمْسَكَهُمَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ مِّن بَعْدِهِ

(and if they were to move away from their places, there is not one that could grasp them after Him.) means, no one can make them stay and preserve them except Him. He is Ever Most Forbearing and Oft-Forgiving because He sees His servants disbelieving in Him and disobeying Him, yet He is patient and gives them time, He waits and does not hasten the punishment, and He conceals the faults of others and forgives them. He says:

إِنَّهُ كَانَ حَلِيمًا غَفُورًا

(Truly, He is Ever Most Forbearing, Oft-Forgiving.)

Read the full Surah Fatir