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Surah Yunus, Ayah 88 (10:88)

يُونُس

وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ رَبَّنَآ إِنَّكَ ءَاتَيْتَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَأَهُۥ زِينَةً وَأَمْوَٰلًا فِى ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ …

Quran 10:88 is ayah 88 of Surah Yunus (“Jonah”), a Meccan surah of 109 ayahs. It is in Juz 11, on page 218 of the Madani Mushaf.

10:88
وَقَالَمُوسَىٰرَبَّنَآإِنَّكَءَاتَيْتَفِرْعَوْنَوَمَلَأَهُۥزِينَةًوَأَمْوَٰلًافِىٱلْحَيَوٰةِٱلدُّنْيَارَبَّنَالِيُضِلُّوا۟عَنسَبِيلِكَ ۖرَبَّنَاٱطْمِسْعَلَىٰٓأَمْوَٰلِهِمْوَٱشْدُدْعَلَىٰقُلُوبِهِمْفَلَايُؤْمِنُوا۟حَتَّىٰيَرَوُا۟ٱلْعَذَابَٱلْأَلِيمَ٨٨
waqāla mūsā rabbanā innaka ātayta fir'ʿawna wamala-ahu zīnatan wa-amwālan fī l-ḥayati l-dun'yā rabbanā liyuḍillū ʿan sabīlika rabbanā iṭ'mis ʿalā amwālihim wa-ush'dud ʿalā qulūbihim falā yu'minū ḥattā yarawū l-ʿadhāba l-alīma

And Moses said, "Our Lord, indeed You have given Pharaoh and his establishment splendor and wealth in the worldly life, our Lord, that they may lead [men] astray from Your way. Our Lord, obliterate their wealth and harden their hearts so that they will not believe until they see the painful punishment."(88)

Word by word

  1. وَقَالَwaqālaAnd Musa said
  2. مُوسَىٰmūsāAnd Musa said
  3. رَبَّنَآrabbanāOur Lord
  4. إِنَّكَinnakaIndeed, You
  5. ءَاتَيْتَātaytahave given
  6. فِرْعَوْنَfir'ʿawnaFiraun
  7. وَمَلَأَهُۥwamala-ahuand his chiefs
  8. زِينَةًzīnatansplendor
  9. وَأَمْوَٰلًاwa-amwālanand wealth
  10. فِىfīin
  11. ٱلْحَيَوٰةِl-ḥayatithe life
  12. ٱلدُّنْيَاl-dun'yā(of) the world
  13. رَبَّنَاrabbanāOur Lord
  14. لِيُضِلُّوا۟liyuḍillūThat they may lead astray
  15. عَنʿanfrom
  16. سَبِيلِكَ ۖsabīlikaYour way
  17. رَبَّنَاrabbanāOur Lord
  18. ٱطْمِسْiṭ'misDestroy
  19. عَلَىٰٓʿalā[on]
  20. أَمْوَٰلِهِمْamwālihimtheir wealth
  21. وَٱشْدُدْwa-ush'dudand harden
  22. عَلَىٰʿalā[on]
  23. قُلُوبِهِمْqulūbihimtheir hearts
  24. فَلَاfalāso (that) not
  25. يُؤْمِنُوا۟yu'minūthey believe
  26. حَتَّىٰḥattāuntil
  27. يَرَوُا۟yarawūthey see
  28. ٱلْعَذَابَl-ʿadhābathe punishment
  29. ٱلْأَلِيمَl-alīmathe painful

Tafsir (commentary) of 10:88

Available in English, Bengali, Urdu, Arabic, Russian.

English · EnglishTafsir Ibn Kathir (Abridged) — Hafiz Ibn Kathir

This commentary explains ayahs 10:88–89 together.

Musa supplicated against Fir`awn and His Chiefs

Allah mentioned what Musa said when he prayed against Fir`awn and his chiefs after they refused to accept the truth. They continued to go astray and be haughty and arrogant. Musa said:

رَبَّنَآ إِنَّكَ ءاتَيْتَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلاّهُ زِينَةً

(Our Lord! You have indeed bestowed on Fir`awn and his chiefs splendor) and pleasure of this worldly life.

وَأَمْوَالاً

(and wealth) plentiful and abundant. Allah's statement,

فِى الْحَيَوةِ الدُّنْيَا رَبَّنَا لِيُضِلُّواْ عَن سَبِيلِكَ

(in the life of this world, Our Lord! That they may lead men astray from Your path.) was read with the word "Liyadillu" and "Liyudillu." The first is with a Fathah over the Ya, meaning that "You have given them that while You know they would not believe in what You have sent me with to them. You did that so they would gradually be drawn away from the truth." As Allah said:

لِنَفْتِنَهُمْ فِيهِ

(that We may test them thereby.)(20:131) and (72:17). Others read the word with a Dammah over the Ya. (i.e. Liyudillu) This makes the Ayah mean: You have given them that so whoever You willed from among Your creatures will be tried. Those whom You wish to misguide would think that You have given them that because You loved them and You cared about them."

رَبَّنَا اطْمِسْ عَلَى أَمْوَلِهِمْ

("Our Lord! Destroy their wealth,") Ibn `Abbas and Mujahid said: "They asked Allah to destroy their wealth." Ad-Dahhak, Abu Al-`Aliyah and Ar-Rabi`a bin Anas said: "Allah made their wealth into engraved stones as it was before." About Allah's statement,

وَاشْدُدْ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ

(and harden their hearts) Ibn `Abbas said, "Harden their hearts means put a seal on them."

فَلاَ يُؤْمِنُواْ حَتَّى يَرَوُاْ الْعَذَابَ الاٌّلِيمَ

(so that they will not believe until they see the painful torment.) This prayer was from Musa because he was angry for the sake of Allah and His religion. He prayed against Fir`awn and his chiefs when he was certain that there was no good in them. Similarly, Nuh prayed and said:

وَقَالَ نُوحٌ رَّبِّ لاَ تَذَرْ عَلَى الاٌّرْضِ مِنَ الْكَـفِرِينَ دَيَّاراً - إِنَّكَ إِن تَذَرْهُمْ يُضِلُّواْ عِبَادَكَ وَلاَ يَلِدُواْ إِلاَّ فَاجِراً كَفَّاراً

(My Lord! Leave not one of the disbelievers on the earth! If You leave them, they will mislead Your servants, and they will beget none but wicked disbelievers.) (71:26-27) Harun said "Amin" to his brother's prayer. And Allah answered Musa's prayer. Allah said:

قَدْ أُجِيبَتْ دَّعْوَتُكُمَا

(Verily, the invocation of you both is accepted.) `in destroying Fir`awn's people.

قَدْ أُجِيبَتْ دَّعْوَتُكُمَا فَاسْتَقِيمَا

(Verily I have answered your prayers (both of you). So you both keep to the straight way) So as I have answered your prayer, you should remain steadfast on My command.' Ibn Jurayj narrated that Ibn `Abbas said about this Ayah: "Be steadfast and follow My command."

Read the full Surah Yunus